Birds

Fumee Lake Natural Area

Wood Ducks ( Male-l Female-r)

Almost 150 species of birds have been observed within the Fumee Lake Natural Area. Some of these birds nest in the area while others are visitors for a short time during periods of migration.

Classification of Bird Abundance Status
A - Abundant C - Common U - Uncommon R - Rare

Classification of Breeding Bird Behavior
O - Species (male or female) observed during the breeding season; believed not to be breeding in the area
X - Singing male present in suitable nesting habitat during its breeding season
P - Pair observed in suitable nesting habitat during its breeding season
T - Permanent territory through defense
CO - Courtship behavior or copulation
N - Visiting probable nest-site
AG - Agitated behavior or anxiety calls from adults(s)
B - Nest building by wrens; excavation by woodpeckers
DD - Distraction display or injury feigning
ON - Occupied nest: adults entering or leaving nest site indicating incubating or brooding
AY - Attending young: adult carrying fecal sac or food for young, or feeding recently fledged young
NY - Nest with young seen or heard

BIRDS OF FUMEE LAKE

Family and Scientific Name

Behavior

Common Name

Status

ACCIPITRIDAE Hawks and Eagles

Buteo jamaicensis
Buteo lagopus
Buteo platypterus
Circus cyaneus
Haliaeetus leucocephalus

NY
O
O
T
NY

Red Tailed Hawk
Rough-Legged Hawk
Broad-Winged Hawk
Northern Harrier
Bald Eagle

C
U
U
C
C

ALAUDIDAE Larks

Eremophila alpestris

Horned Lark

ALCEDINIDAE Kingfishers

Megaceryle alcyon

Belted Kingfisher

ANATIDAE Swans, Geese and Ducks

Aix sponsa
Anas acuta
Anas crecca
Anas discors
Anas platyrhynchos
Anas rubripes
Aythya affinis
Aythya collaris
Aythya marila
Branta canadensis
Bucephala albeola
Lophodytes cucullatus
Mergus merganser
Olor columbianus
Oxyura jamaicensis

AY
AY
CO
AY
AY
AY
CO
CO
CO
O
AY
CO
O
O
O
P

Wood Duck
Common Pintail
Green-Winged Teal
Blue-Winged Teal
Mallard
American Black Duck
Lesser Scaup
Ring-Necked Duck
Greater Scaup
Canada Goose
Bufflehead
Hooded Merganser
Common Merganser
Whistling Swan
Ruddy Duck

C
R
C
C
C
C
C
C
U
C
C
U
C
R
R

APODIDAE Swifts

Chaetura pelagica

Chimney Swift

ARDEIDAE Herons and Bitterns

Ardea herodias
Botaurus lentiginosus
Butorides striatus

AY
DD
AY

Great Blue Heron
American Bittern
Green Heron

C
U
U

BOMBYCILLIDAE Waxwings

Bombycilla cedrorum
Bombycilla garrulus

NY
X

Cedar Waxwing
Bohemian Waxwing

C
U

CATHARTIDAE American Vultures

Cathartes aura

Turkey Vulture

CAPRIMULGIDAE Goatsuckers

Chordeiles minor
Caprimulgus vociferus

T
T

Common Nighthawk
Whip-Poor-Will

C
C
C

CERTHIIDAE Creepers

Certhia familiaris

Brown Creeper

CHARADRIIDAE Plovers

Charadrius vociferus

Killdeer

COLUMBIDAE Pigeons and Doves

Columba livia
Zenaida macroura

AY
AY

Rock Dove
Mourning Dove

U
C

CORVIDAE Crows, Jays, Ravens

Corvus brachyrhynchos
Corvus corax
Cyanocitta cristata
Perisoreus canadensis

AY
AY
AY
O

American Crow
Northern Raven
Blue Jay
Gray Jay

A
C
C
R

FALCONIDAE Caracaras and Falcons

Falco sparverius

American Kestrel

FRINGILLIDAE Grosbeaks, Finches, Sparrows and Buntings

Cardeulis pinus
Cardeulis tristis
Cardinalis cardinalis
Carpodacus purpureus
Hesperiphona vespertina
Junco hyemalis
Melospiza georgiana
Melospiza melodia
Passerina cyanea
Pheuticus ludovicianus
Pinicola enucleator
Pipilo erythrophthalmus
Plectrophenax nivalis
Pooecetes gramineus
Spizella pallida
Spizella passerina
Zonotrichia albicollis

T
T
T
T
P
X
N
DD
N
N
P
NY
O
T
AG
P

Pine Siskin
American Goldfinch
Northern Cardinal
Purple Finch
Evening Grosbeak
Northern Junco
Swamp Sparrow
Song Sparrow
Indigo Bunting
Rose Breasted Grosbeak
Pine Grosbeak
Roufous Sided Towhee
Snow Bunting
Vesper Sparrow
Clay Colored Sparrow
Chipping Sparrow
White Throated Sparrow

C
C
R
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
R
C
U
C
C
C
C

GAVIIDAE Loons

Gavia immer

Common Loon

HIRUNDINIDAE Swallows

Hirundo rustico
Iridoprocne bicolor
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Progne subis
Riparia riparia
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis

AY
AY
T
AY
AY
AY

Barn Swallow
Tree Swallow
Cliff Swallow
Purple Martin
Bank Swallow
Rough-Winged Swallow

C
C
C
C
C
C

ICTERIDAE Blackbirds and Orioles

Angelaius phoenicues
Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Icterus galbula
Molothrus ater
Quiscalus quiscula
Sturnella magna

AY
AY
AY
AY
AY
AY

Red-Winged Blackbird
Bobolink
Northern Oriole
Brown Headed Cowbird
Common Grackle
Eastern Meadowlark

A
U
C
C
C
C

LARIDAE Gulls and Terns

Larus argentatus
Larus delawarensis

O
T

Herring Gull
Ringbilled Gull

U
U

MELEAGRIDIDAE Turkeys

Meleagris gallopavo

Wild Turkey

MIMIDAE Mockingbirds and Thrashers

Dumetella carolinensis
Toxostoma rufum

NY
AY

Gray Catbird
Brown Thrasher

C
C

PANDIONIDAE Ospreys

Pandion haliaetus

Osprey

PARIDAE Titmice

Parus atricapillus

Black-Capped Chickadee

PARULIDAE Wood Warblers

Dendroica coronata
Dendroica magnolia
Dendroica palmarum
Dendroica pensylvanica
Dendroica petechia
Dendroica pinus
Dendroica striata
Dendroica virens
Geothlypis trichas
Mniotilta varia
Oporornis philadelphia
Seiurus aurocapillus
Seiurus noveboracensis
Setophaga ruticilla
Vermivora chrysoptera
Vermivora peregrina
Vermivora ruficapilla
Wilsonia pusilla

T
X
O
N
N
T
X
T
AY
O
N
AY
AG
P
T
X
T
T

Yellow Rumped Warbler
Magnolia Warbler
Palm Warbler
Chestnut Sided Warbler
Yellow Warbler
Pine Warbler
Blackpoll Warbler
Black Throated Green Warbler
Common Yellowthroat
Black and White Warbler
Mourning Warbler
Ovenbird
Northern Waterthrush
American Redstart
Golden Winged Warbler
Tennessee Warbler
Nashville Warbler
Wilson’s Warbler

C
U
C
C
C
C
R
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
U
U
C
U

PHASIANIDAE

Colinus virginianus

Common Bobwhite

PICIDAE Woodpeckers

Colaptes auratus
Dryocopus pileatus
Melanerpes erythocephalus
Picoides pubescens
Picoides villosus
Sphyrapicus varius

AY
P
AY
B
CO
CO

Common Flicker
Pileated Woodpecker
Red-Headed Woodpecker
Downy Woodpecker
Hairy Woodpecker
Yellow-Bellied Sapsucker

A
C
U
A
A
C

PLOCEIDAE Weaver Finches

Passer domesticus

House Sparrow

PODICIPEDIDAE Grebe

Podilymbus podiceps

Pied-Billed Grebe

RALLIDAE Coots and Rails

Fulica americana
Porzana carolina
Rallus limicola

AY
AY
AY

American Coot
Sora
Virginia Rail

U
U
U

SCOLOPACIDAE Sandpipers

Actitis macularia
Capella gallinago
Philohela minor

X
T
O

Spotted Sandpiper
Common Snipe
American Woodcock

C
C
C

SITTIDAE Nuthatches

Sitta canadensis
Sitta carolinensis

AY
N

Red-Breasted Nuthatch
White-Breasted Nuthatch

C
C

STRIGIDAE Owls

Bubo virginianus
Strix varia

T
T

Great Horned Owl
Barred Owl

C
C

STURNIDAE Starlings

Sturnus vulgaris

European Starling

SYLVIIDAE Kinglets

Regulus calendula
Regulus satrapa

T
AG

Ruby-Crowned Kinglet
Golden Crowned Kinglet

U
C

TETRAONIDAE Grouse

Bonasa umbellus

Ruffed Grouse

THRAUPIDAE Tanagers

Piranga olivacea

Scarlet Tanager

TROGLODYTIDAE Wren

Troglodytes aedon
Troglodytes troglodytes

NY
O

House Wren
Winter Wren

C
C

TROCHILIDAE Hummingbirds

Archilochus colubris

Ruby-Throated Hummingbird

TURDIDAE Thrushes

Catharus fuscescens
Catharus guttatus
Hylocichla mustelina
Sialia sialis
Turdus migratorius

T
T
T
ON
AY

Veery
Hermit Thrush
Wood Thrush
Eastern Bluebird
American Robin

C
C
C
U
A

TYRANNIDAE Tyrant Flycatchers

Contopus virens
Empidonax flaviventris
Empidonax minimus
Myiarchus crinitus
Nuttallornis borealis
Sayornis phoebe
Tyrannus tyrannus

T
T
T
NB
O
AY
AY

Eastern Pewee
Yellow-Bellied Flycatcher
Least Flycatcher
Great Crested Flycatcher
Olive-Sided Flycatcher
Eastern Phoebe
Eastern Kingbird

C
U
C
C
C
C
C

VIREONIDAE Vireos

Vireo flavifrons
Vireo gilvus
Vireo olivaceus
Vireo solitarius

AG
AG
T
X

Yellow-throated Vireo
Warbling Vireo
Red-eyed Vireo
Solitary Vireo

C
C
A
C